Holy Communion Controversy

1.Introduction
 
Unlike baptism (baptism), which is given only once in a lifetime, our participation in repetitive sacramental rites is to reaffirm our new identity in Christ. From AD 1C to the present, there are many disagreements about the theology behind this consciousness. The issue of the Lord's presence, especially during the celebration of the sacrament during this debate, led to intense debate. It was discussed over the centuries of the early days and became a subject of intense debate, especially during the Reformation. Here we will introduce the Roman Catholic transsubstantiation, Luther's consubstantiation, Zwingli's memorialism, and Calvin's real spritual presence.​
 
2. Summary of various views on Holy Communion
 
First, looking at the view of the Roman Catholic Church, the official position was the conclusion of the Trent Religious Conference, and it was the final form of transsubstantiation by Thomas Aquinas. Transsubstantiation is the claim that when a priest prays before God, the bread and wine are transformed into the Lord's body and flesh. Behind Aquinas's account of the miraculous changes in the bread and wine is the distinction of Aristotle's quality, essence, and attributes. During the mass, the bread and wine undergo miracles. The bread and wine maintain the essence as in the normal physical process, but not only the attributes change, but the attributes remain unchanged, only the essence changes. In this way, the bread and wine became the actual body and blood of Christ, and therefore the changed nature, the actual presence of Jesus himself, is said to be'below'. Transsubstantiation provided a theoretical basis for understanding mass as a sacrifice. Through this, they provided the theological foundation for the deeply rooted belief in the Middle Ages that the celebration of the Mass itself was a merit.​
 
In response, the Lutherans rejected transsubstantiation and insisted that the molecules of the bread and wine are not changed by the flesh and blood of Christ, but that the Lord is with them. He claims that Christ is not with the bread and wine, but with the bread and wine. In other words, Christ is physically present in the sacrament and in the sacraments of the sacrament. The Lutherans disagreed with Roman Catholic theologians and Sudanese, but the results were basically the same. Luther's real presence was further promoted by Christian consideration. He claimed that through the'exchange of attributes', the human nature of Christ shares several attributes of his divinity. Therefore, the human Christ, who is in heaven and nowhere else in all things, is localized through the bread and wine of the sacrament. These elements reveal Christ's presence here for us.
 
Zwingli, a contemporary of Luther, insisted on memorialism, and it was important to commemorate and recall the death and resurrection of Christ as recorded in the Bible as a commemoration of Jesus who died for us. In other words, form is not a problem, it is important to do it, and it is important to accept it by faith as well as remembering and recalling the Lord's presence in it. He proposed transsubstantiation and a more radical disconnect, emphasizing the subjective dimension of the sacrament. It was argued that our participation in the sacraments of the sacrament does not convey the real communion of the flesh and blood of Christ, and that Christ's presence is never in bread and wine.​
 
By introducing the Holy Spirit, Calvin took a neutral position with Luther and Zwingli. He insisted on a real spiritual presence, saying that Christ was present spiritually in the sacraments, agreeing that the presence of Christ in the sacrament focused on the sacraments of the sacrament. Christ in heaven meets believers through bread and wine, which is done by the Holy Spirit. It was said that the Holy Spirit made us one with the Lord across a great gap between us on earth and the presence of the Lord sitting at the right hand of God. It is said that God's grace comes spiritually when Christ accepts by faith the power to unite the Holy Spirit. It is said that God gives spiritual grace when participating in the Lord's Supper with strong faith, not mechanically.​
 
3. How to see the Holy Communion
 
Thus, various theological views related to the sacrament were examined. Roman Catholicism put church traditions above the Bible, creating a variety of miscellaneous formal ancestors apart from essence. The representative of them is Holy Communion as a transsubstantiation. Luther and Zwingli, who tried to reform this, parted forever due to differences in the doctrine of the Eucharist. Fortunately, it was said that by reaching a level of eclecticism, the Reformed Church could no longer be divided. The Eucharist should be understood with the concepts of'communication' and'thank you'. Because through this ritual we symbolically realize the fellowship of Christ and believers within the community of faith. Therefore, whatever you do, you must be sacred with a true sense of commitment based on our faith.

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